Effects of Physical Activity, Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Calcium Score on Cardiovascular Health in Normal People

Summary

A prospective cohort of relatively healthy individuals, using comprehensive clinical information, advanced imaging (including cardiac MRI), cardiovascular exercise physiology, metabolomics and genetic analysis. These findings will be correlated with adverse clinical outcomes including death, stroke and myocardial infarction. In selected cases, follow-up imaging and biomarker samples will also be obtained. These studies will enable us to begin to address a critical gap in our knowledge as to how best to interpret the very large amount of cardiovascular tests done in Singapore and how to better to predict outcomes and manage healthcare costs in our local populations

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

* Men and women age 21-69 years

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Previous myocardial infarction (MI). This will include ST-elevation MI (STEMI) and non-ST-elevation MI (NSTEMI)
2. Known coronary artery disease - prior coronary revascularization
3. Known documented peripheral arterial disease
4. Previous stroke

   a. Stroke is defined as new focal neurological deficit persisting more than 24hours21.
5. More than ongoing use of 2 or more anti-hypertensive agents
6. Prior history of cancer (excludes pre-cancerous lesions)
7. Expected life expectancy less than 1 year
8. Known definite diabetes mellitus or on treatment for diabetes mellitus
9. Known autoimmune disease or genetic disease
10. Known endocrine disease on treatment
11. Psychiatric illness
12. Asthma or chronic lung disease requiring long term medications or oxygen
13. Chronic infective disease, including tuberculosis, hepatitis B and C; and HIV
14. Inability to comply with study protocol
15. Any other acute or chronic medical or physical condition deemed by the investigator to affect study outcomes

Conditions2

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