Impact of Omega 3 in Alcohol Use Disorder

Summary

The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate the biological pathways underlying the beneficial effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) on mental health in patients with alcohol use disorder. The main questions this study aims to answer are: * Can n-3 PUFA improve mood disorders (depression, anxiety), craving for alcohol, cognitive impairments and sociability disorders ? * Are the beneficial effects of n-3 PUFAs due to a modification of the gut microbiota and/or the inflammatory status? Participants will : * take a supplementation of omega-3 or placebo during 3 months * do a brain MRI * be interviewed for a dietary anamnesis * provide blood, stool and saliva samples * perform psychological tests and neuropsychological tasks Researchers will compare active comparator (omega-3) with placebo comparator (olive oil) to see if omega-3 can have a beneficial effect on AUD patients.

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of alcohol use disorder (≥ 4 DSM-5 criteria)
* Patient at the hospital for a 3 week alcohol withdrawal program
* Gender : male and female
* Age : between 18 and 70 years old
* Language : french
* Alcohol consumption less than 48 jours before admission

Exclusion Criteria:

* Presence of another addiction, except for smoking and cannabis use
* Presence of a psychiatric comorbidity (axis 1 DSM-5)
* Current or recent use (\< 2 months) of antibiotics, probiotics, fibre supplements
* Current or recent (\< 2 months) use of omega-3 supplements
* Current or recent (\< 2 months) use of oral anti-coagulants drugs
* Current or recent (\< 2 months) double anti-platelet therapy
* Coagulation disorders
* Current or recent (\< 1 month) use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and glucocorticoids
* Morbid obesity : body mass index \> 35 kg.m-2
* Bariatric surgery
* Type I diabetes and type II diabetes not stabilised (i.e. glycated haemoglobin \> 7.2 and unstable drug treatments)
* Chronic inflammatory diseases
* Cancer (less than 5 years before admission)
* Presence of cirrhosis (Fibroscan® = F4 and echodoppler performed as part of clinical routine on patient admission)
* Known allergy to fish and seafood
* Any other comorbidity that would be a contraindication to the study in the judgement of the principal investigator

Conditions3

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