Where We All Meet: ACT Approach to Adolescents Anxiety Disorders

Summary

Transdiagnostic approaches have been proposed as more truthfully representing mental health problems. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is a transdiagnostic approach that proposes Psychological Inflexibility/Flexibility (PI/PF) as the root of human suffering/flourishing. ACT has been recognized as conceptually and clinically relevant for adult disorders. However, during adolescence, when anxiety disorders are highly prevalent, the same evidence is scarce. Specifically, methodologically robust designs investigating ACT's efficacy on adolescents' ADs are scarce and mechanisms underlying change during ACT for adolescents with ADs have not been investigated. Therefore, this study aims to adapt, implement, and investigate the efficacy of an online delivered (through videoconference) ACT intervention to adolescents presenting SAD or GAD, thus contributing to amplifying the transdiagnostic application of ACT to these disorders. A Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) with 3 groups (i.e., Control, GAD intervention, and SAD intervention groups) of adolescents aged between 14 and 18 years old will be conducted. Outcome measurement will be assessed at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. The investigators expect improvements in outcome variables (e.g., anxiety symptoms) at post-treatment for intervention groups. When comparing changes in outcome variables between the control and the intervention groups, improvements are expected only in the groups receiving intervention. Additionally, similar effects on outcome measures are expected in both intervention groups with gains being maintained over time (i.e., at 3- and 6-months follow-up). Finally, changes in PI/PF processes are expected to predict changes in outcome variables in both intervention groups. This RCT will provide valuable insights that can potentially enhance the efficacy of treatment modalities, contributing to improved well-being for adolescents with ADs.

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

* Healthy adolescent's sample: No mental health diagnosis;
* Adolescents with SAD sample: Main diagnosis of SAD;
* Adolescents with GAD sample: Main diagnosis of GAD. Note: adolescents presenting both GAD and SAD will be excluded as its inclusion could confound the projects' results and conclusions.

Exclusion criteria:

1. Cognitive impairment (assessed through a clinical interview; MINI-KID \[37,38\]);
2. Presence of psychotic symptoms or suicidal ideation (according to the MINI-KID \[37,38\]);
3. Undergoing another treatment (e.g., medication) for a psychiatric condition.

Conditions3

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