EEG Microstates Across At-Risk Mental States

Summary

The goal of this observational study is to compare subjects with at-risk-mental-state, early psychosis, schizophrenia, depression, and autism spectrum disorders, with healthy controls (N = 21 x 6). The main questions it aims to answer are: * are EEG microstate anomalies associated with diagnosis, clinical and functional prognosis, both in resting conditions and during sleep ? * are EEG microstates anomalies associated with differences in sensorimotor integration, prosodic and conversational, interoceptive, and narrative self ? * an ancillary study will be to see whether in healthy controls EEG microstate properties vary under light hypnosis conditions. Participants will: * undergo deep phenotyping based on psychopathology and neuropsychological assessments * undergo a high-resolution EEG (64 electrodes) with a resting period and a sensorimotor task; and healthy controls will have a light hypnosis period. * undergo a recording of the characteristics of their voice (tone, prosody) * undergo a one-night polysomnography * undergo MRI and biological sampling for multi-omic analyses * undergo a virtual reality experience

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

* age between 15 and 30 years
* subjects meeting CAARMS criteria for stage Ia or Ib mental states at risk (for stage Ia, mild or nonspecific symptoms of psychosis or severe mood disorder, and mild functional impairment; for stage Ib, moderate symptoms below intervention threshold and moderate functional impairment)
* subjects meeting any DSM-5 criteria associated with a first onset of psychotic symptoms (first episode psychosis)
* subjects satisfying DSM-5 criteria for depressive disorder
* subjects meeting DSM-5 criteria for autism spectrum disorder
* healthy control subjects recruited from the general population

Exclusion Criteria:

* suicidal risk
* severe or non-stabilized somatic and neurological disorders
* epilepsy
* head trauma
* IQ below 70
* for healthy control subjects, a family history of psychosis is an exclusion criterion
* bipolar disorder
* obsessive-compulsive disorder
* substance use disorder, except for cannabis, tolerated up to 5 joints/day.

Conditions5

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