Growth Hormone Resistance of Beta-cells in Women and People

Summary

The purpose of the research study is to better understand how beta-cells (cells in the pancreas that make insulin and help regulate blood sugar) respond to growth hormone in people with a family history of type 2 diabetes at the University of Missouri. Our aim is to advance understanding of how growth hormone affects beta-cells and risk factors for developing gestational diabetes and type 2 diabetes.

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

* 18 to 45 years old
* hemoglobin HbA1c ≤5.6% and fasting blood glucose \<100 mg/dl
* body mass index ≥30.0 kg/m2 and \<45.0 kg/m2

Additional, group-specific inclusion criteria:

* Family history of type 2 diabetes: first degree relative with type 2 diabetes
* Control group: no family history of type 2 diabetes

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant, planning to become pregnant during the study, or breastfeeding
* Current diagnosis or history of type 1 or type 2 diabetes
* Use of medications that can impact the study outcomes (e.g., GLP-1 receptor agonists)
* History of bariatric surgery
* Known hypothyroidism or use of thyroid medications
* History of intracranial hypertension, including papilledema, or a condition that increases the risk of developing intracranial hypertension, such as Turner Syndrome, Prader-Willi Syndrome, or renal impairment
* Current cancer or cancer that has been in remission less than 5 years
* First degree relative with type 1 diabetes diagnosis
* Evidence of significant anemia or significant end organ dysfunction (e.g., liver, kidney, heart disease)
* Alcohol use disorder, use of controlled substances, or smoking \>2 cigarettes per day
* Greater than 3% weight loss within three months of screening or engaged in regular (≥3 days per week), continuous moderate- or high-intensity exercise of ≥30 min duration
* Mentally disabled persons, prisoners, and persons with inability to grant voluntary informed consent

Conditions3

Locations1 site

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