Dexmedetomidine vs Tramadol for Anxiety, Pain, and Hemodynamics in Hemorrhoidectomy

Summary

This randomized controlled study aims to evaluate the effects of preoperative dexmedetomidine and tramadol on anxiety, pain, and hemodynamic parameters in patients undergoing hemorrhoidectomy under spinal anesthesia. Preoperative anxiety levels will be assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and postoperative pain will be evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Intraoperative hemodynamic parameters will also be recorded and compared among the study groups.

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

Patients aged between 20 and 60 years ASA physical status I-II Scheduled for hemorrhoidectomy under spinal anesthesia Provided written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

ASA physical status III or higher Age below 20 or above 60 years Patients who refused or were unable to provide informed consent Known allergy to dexmedetomidine or tramadol Severe hepatic or renal disease Coagulopathy or contraindication to spinal anesthesia

Conditions4

Interventions2

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