Mitigating Chronic Respiratory Disease Through the Lens of Multi-Morbidity

Summary

The investigators aim to make it easier to find people with undiagnosed long-term lung health problems (such as asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD, collectively called 'Chronic Respiratory Diseases', CRDs) living in Brasil. Because people with undiagnosed CRDs often have other medical problems too, such as heart problems, high blood pressure and diabetes (collectively called 'Long Term Conditions', LTC), the investigators will look for undiagnosed CRD in people with LTC when they are attending appointments at local health centres in the cities of Sao Carlos and Sao Paulo. To look for undiagnosed CRDs the investigators will use two questionnaire-based methods called 'COLA' and 'SBQ'. These are quick and simple to do. All participants will also have tests of their lung function completed including spirometry and Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide so that the investigators can make a definite diagnosis of CRDs. When the study is complete, the investigators will examine how well the COLA and SBQ questionnaires perform in identifying people with a definite diagnosis of CRD. In total, the investigators aim to recruit 859 people.

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

Attending primary health care services in Brasil.

Diagnosed with one or more existing, non-respiratory long-term conditions such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes or hypertension.

Exclusion Criteria:

Clinically unstable in the past month (defined as worsening symptoms requiring emergency care or hospitalization).

Current pregnancy.

Active pulmonary tuberculosis or undergoing treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis.

Current acute respiratory infection.

Cognitive impairment that prevents understanding of the case-finding questionnaire, defined as MMSE score ≤20.

Contraindications to spirometry.

Declines to participate in the study.

Conditions4

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