Virtual Reality-Based 360° Clinic Walkthrough for Reducing Examination Anxiety in Preschool Children

Summary

This prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial investigates whether a short, 360° virtual reality (VR) pre-examination walkthrough can reduce anxiety, behavioral distress, and physiological stress responses in preschool children undergoing routine outpatient physical examination. A total of 100 children aged 3-5.5 years were randomized to either a VR group, which viewed a 3-minute real-clinic 360° video via VR goggles, or a control group, which experienced routine waiting only. Primary outcome measures include the Face-Legs-Activity-Cry-Consolability (FLACC) score and crying duration during examination. Secondary outcomes include heart and respiratory rate changes, Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (WBS) scores, parent satisfaction, and physician-rated examination ease. The study aims to determine whether immersive, procedure-specific VR preparation can improve examination experience and cooperation while reducing stress for both children and caregivers.

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

* Children aged 3 to 5.5 years (36-66 months)
* Clinically stable and presenting for routine outpatient physical examination
* Able to engage with a short audiovisual VR/360° video
* Written informed consent from a parent or legal guardian
* Verbal assent from the child when appropriate

Exclusion Criteria:

* Severe neurodevelopmental delay or communication difficulty
* Autism spectrum disorder or significant behavioral dysregulation
* History of epilepsy or photosensitivity
* Visual or hearing impairment preventing VR use
* Acute illness requiring urgent intervention
* Body temperature ≥ 38.0°C at presentation
* Previous exposure to VR or 360° clinic simulations
* Concomitant sedative medication use
* Refusal of participation by parent or child

Conditions3

Browse More Trials