Sensory Toys for Anxiety Reduction - Can Fidget Toys Improve Stress and Help Children to Cope Before Surgery (STARFISH)

Summary

Anxiety associated with medical procedures is common, with 40-80% of children experiencing significant symptoms and postoperative consequences, including distress and delirium, increased intensity/duration of pain, prolonged hospital stays, behavioural/sleep disturbance and avoidance of medical encounters, which often remain into adulthood. Extensive consumer research has shown that a key priority for Australian consumers of all ages in relation to paediatric hospital care is addressing the fear and anxiety in children throughout the hospital experience (second only to anaesthesia safety for adults and third following anaesthesia safety and pain management for children). The STARFISH trial was driven by our consumer partners, particularly our youth consumers. It is well known that distraction is a coping strategy that can help with perioperative anxiety, and all members of the perioperative team commonly employ distraction techniques with patients during routine clinical care. One potential form of distraction involves sensory activities - fidget devices or sensory toys such as spinners, putty, and stability balls are increasingly being used within school settings to help students academically and behaviourally, with applicability for neurodiverse (e.g., autistic, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)) children being one area of particular interest. However, the research behind sensory toys is inconclusive. Sensory toys have been suggested to our team-from numerous consumers of all ages, including neurodiverse and neurotypical consumers-as a method to reduce anxiety in the preoperative period, thus leading to the design of the STARFISH trial. This project aims to assess the use of a sensory toy (of the child's choice) in the perioperative period on the day of surgery to reduce perioperative anxiety and distress.

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

* Children aged 5-15.99 years of age
* Children admitted to the day of surgery unit undergoing elective surgery at Perth Children's Hospital or Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP as day case surgeries or with a maximum hospital stay of one night postoperatively

Exclusion Criteria:

* Children coming for surgery via wards other than the day of surgery unit
* Language barriers impeding data collection
* Department for Child Protection and Family Support is involved in the care of the child
* Inability for the child to interact with the sensory toy safely, such as children with severe global developmental delay (GDD).

Conditions2

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