Nutrition and Exercise Prehabilitation in Patients Awaiting Liver Transplantation

Summary

This study aims to evaluate the effects of a diet with even protein distribution plus exercise (Group A) versus a diet with skewed protein distribution plus exercise (Group B) versus standard dietary and physical activity advice (Group C) on nutritional status, body composition and functional status in patients awaiting liver transplantation.

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

* End-stage liver disease, diagnosed by transient elastography (FibroScan) or imaging-based evaluation with compatible clinical picture
* Referred for liver transplantation and evaluated to have a high likelihood of being listed, according to primary hepatologist assessment, or already listed for liver transplantation
* No prior formal dietary advice

Exclusion Criteria:

* Age \< 18 years old
* Estimated waiting time for liver transplantation \< 3 months
* Estimated life expectancy \< 3 months
* Chronic kidney disease requiring protein restriction
* Exercise contraindicated (e.g., active or recent variceal bleeding, severe grade of hepatic encephalopathy, refractory ascites, etc.)
* Unstable or severe psychiatric disorder
* Pregnancy or lactation
* Inability to provide written informed consent

Conditions7

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