Higher Radiation Dose to the Tumor May Help Avoid Surgery in Rectal Cancer Patients

Summary

The goal of this prospective study is to evaluate if a higher radiation dose to the tumor can increase the organ preservation rate in non-locally advanced rectal cancer.

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

* Age ≥18 years
* Eastern cooperative oncology group (ECOG) performance status ≤2
* Histologically confirmed rectal adenocarcinoma
* Non-locally advanced rectal cancer, defined as (magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based) T1-3, N0/N1 (≤3 positive mesorectal lymph nodes), MX/M0
* Indication for curative treatment with organ preservation
* Discussed in the multidisciplinary tumor board (MTB)
* Written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Previous radiotherapy in the pelvic area
* Other malignancies, except for adequately treated basal cell carcinoma (BCC), at time of inclusion or within 3 years prior to inclusion
* Contra-indications for (chemo)radiotherapy or surgery
* Presence of lateral lymph nodes, cN2 status, extramural vascular invasion (EMVI) or mesorectal fascia involvement as seen on MRI
* Mucinous defined tumor on MRI
* Prior local excision of the primary tumor
* DPD (dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase) deficiency
* Unable to understand the requirements of the study and to give written informed consent, as determined by the treating physician

Conditions3

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