Dietary Quality and Nutritional Adequacy Among Vegetarians Attending the European Institute of Oncology

Summary

Despite their health benefits, vegetarian dietary patterns can lead to malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies if improperly managed, especially in oncological settings. This survey assesses dietary quality and adequacy in 150 women (18-64 years), further examining how a threemonth nutritional counseling intervention influences body composition, physical activity, and quality of life.

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

* pre or post-menopausal women, aged between 18 and 64;
* healthy participants or high-risk cancer patients or patients with previous diagnosis of neoplasia
* self-identifying as vegan (defined as excluding all animal products), or vegetarian (defined as excluding all animal products besides eggs and/or dairy) or semi-vegetarian (defined as excluding no animal products but limiting meat to \< 1× per week);
* ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document;

Exclusion Criteria:

* any condition which, in the opinion of the investigator, may impede testing of the study hypothesis or make it unsafe to engage in the study (e.g., ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease etc.);
* any diagnosis of invasive neoplasia, within the previous 1 years, except non-melanoma skin cancer;
* currently receiving chemotherapy, radiation, or immunotherapy as cancer treatment;
* patients dependent on enteral or parental nutrition;
* pregnancy or lactation;

Conditions3

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